传统媒体作为调停者:框架整合与政策变迁

Traditional Media as Mediators: an Integrated Framework and Policy Change

Publications

Zeng Fanxu (Zhongshan University; HYI Visiting Scholar 2010-11)

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内容提要: 近些年来,部分传统媒体自觉发展成为“调停者”,它们的策略性框架过程,有助于促成官方舆论与民间舆论的互动,形成“框架整合”的局面,并在一定程度影响社会抗争的政策结果。本文选取了发生于2007 年至2011 年的9 个中国都市环境维权抗争案例,依据其是否引起政策回应进行分类并加以对比。在其中,六个案例引起了政策回应,而另三个案例则相反。我们发现,由传统媒体主导的框架整合过程是一个关键性变量,它在很大程度上决定了维权案例的结果。在某些成功的案例当中,传统媒体通过凸显、过滤、改造和淡化等技巧,消除了民间和官方的对立框架,使得民间抗争者诉求可能为政府接纳,并最终带来政策的回应。在社会矛盾频发且公共意见市场趋于分裂的语境下,传统媒体的能动角色及其社会影响,可能是培养社会对话,完善社会治理,促成“和谐社会”的一种可能路径。

Abstract: In recent years, some members of the traditional media have consciously developed into the role of “mediators”. Their strategic framing process, which has helped to facilitate interaction between official and public opinion, has led to the formation of an “integrated framework”  and to a certain extent has influenced social protest policy outcomes. This article selects 9 case examples of Chinese urban environment  rights protection protests from 2007-2009, classifying and comparing them based on whether or not the protests led to policy response. Of the nine cases, six led to policy responses, while three did not. We found that, as the traditional media-led integrated framework was a key  variable, the media to a large degree determined the outcomes of rights protection cases. In some of the successful cases, traditional media used framing methods such as highlighting, filtering, revising and diluting to eliminate an antagonistic framework between the public and  government officials, making the protester’s demands acceptable to the government and eventually leading to policy response. In the context of frequent societal conflict and a fractured public marketplace of ideas, traditional media’s active role and social impact may be to provide a  possible path for fostering social dialogue, improving social governance, and helping facilitate a “harmonious society”.

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